Japan Economy - 2204 Words

I. Introduction Japans exports rate last month at the fastest annual rate in more than two years. The weaker yen also boosted the energy heavy import bill, although the rose 10 per cent from a year earlier, economists said the net effect of the yens retreat remained positive, because higher export revenues translate into higher exporter earnings and consequently more investment and workers bonuses. Japan’s stock market is heavy on exporting, The Prime Minister Abes government also hopes that the export windfall will shore up general business and consumer confidence. This is way to aim to pull Japan out of its liquidity trap and end nearly two decades of economic stagnation and deflation. This essay will discuss about background and†¦show more content†¦III. Objectives and Effects of Weaker Yen The Prime Minister Abe tried to make lower currency of Yen with two strategies. First strategy is ‘Printing Money’ and second strategy is ‘Buying Yen from other countries’. Both of strategies increase supply of JPY. [pic] Weaker Yen sounds like loss of Japan. Actually, it brings a lot of benefits to Japan. There are many effects from weaker Yen. 3.1 Growth of Export Companies Japan’s fiscal policy is demand-pull for international consumers and Cost-Push for domestic consumers. DPJ (Democratic Party of Japan) thinks that cost-push inflation will increase the cost of goods and services however, having demand-pull is more important. It means growing demand will pull the economy into stability (J. Metcalfe, May 2013). Lower value Yen is same as income for household. It means an international consumer is able to buy Japanese products in lower cost. [pic] In Figure 3.1, previous currency of Yen was Y0 and after weaker Y1, it turned as income for international consumers. Thus, aggregate demand for Japanese products. Increased exporting will activate economy of Japan and there will be Inflationary gap between Y0 and Y1. It is enough to stimulate to recover Japanese economy. The Minister Abe thought weaker Yen will bring increase of export and demand for domestic products and services and it is true. The exporting rate of JapaneseShow MoreRelatedMonetary Policy Adopted On Bubble Economy Period Of Japanese Japan1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic of this dissertation is to discuss the monetary policy adopted in bubble economy period of Japanese. As Japanese economics is a specific example around the world. The Japanese government adopted many effective ways to revitalize the economy with the result that its economy rose abruptly after the World war II. 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King Abdul Aziz University Hospital Essay - 1557 Words

King Abdul Aziz University Hospital (KAUH) was founded by King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz in 1976. Since then, KAUH has offered the best medical services to patients free of charge by well-trained experts to serve the educational side as well as encourage and support scientific researches related to medical services and attract well-trained experts to train doctors and students in college of medicine and other colleges in the university as well as relevant governmental bodies in some of the hospital departments according to the available potentials (http://medicine.ksu.edu.sa). KAUH offers medical services in certain specialties. Therefore, it has been divided to many departments. One of the departments is Total Quality Management (TQM) department. TQM department is responsible of providing a systematic mechanism for the facility’s individuals, departments and professions to function collaboratively in their efforts toward performance improvement. It also concerns on offering educati on and training for the staff to meet the general requirements of the organization that related to quality. Additionally, TQM department seeks to integrate all organizational functions by distributing roles and responsibilities along various lines of authorities and processes (Shaikh, 2009). Bolman and Deal (2008), perceives that the organization as the families, machines, theatres and jungles. They also have devised the theories about restructuring organizations; such as, symbolic concerns, politicalShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Need for Proper Equipment and Skilled Staff in Hospitals550 Words   |  3 Pagesvarious things that I learnt was that an excellent health service depends on all departments in a hospital. In any serious hospital, there is need for proper equipment and qualified skilled staff. With this you will be assured that the patients will be diagnosed accurately and managed properly. 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Geography and history of canada Free Essays

Relationship between the Geography of Canada and Its History Veronica Guerrero FarJat CDNS 101 Royal Roads University Ms. Michelle Hardy November 20, 2013 What is the relationship between Canada’s geography and its history? According to M. Hardy, (personal communication, March 27, 2012) my course material (2013) establishes that Canada is a North American country with 10 provinces and 3 territories; worldwide appointed as the 2nd largest country in the world Canada, is well known by its diverse but fascinating history! Canada fought over by the French and the British, the British won and end colonizing this one. We will write a custom essay sample on Geography and history of canada or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay analyses the diversity of Canada’s early history of settlement related to its geography. In order to see the connection we comprehend how the aboriginal people first came to Canada by following the wildlife; then the Europeans came to Canada because the vast of natural resources; and finally allowing the French people to settle in Quebec province. This paper argues that historical settlement of Canada was transformed by its geography. Canada used to be named â€Å"Kanata†: Huron- Iroquois word for village or settlement. In order to survive, as human beings we do many things such as feed, socialize, we procreate, we follow†¦ t mostly we stay together and we fight to survive. On this paragraph I will explain in detail how Aboriginal people first settle in Canada by following the wild life: Firstly, the earth warmed up, the ice masses melted and receded; which it means: open migrations routes (corridors). Following this fact, animals were capable to cross l and bridges of the Alaska-Bering. Secondly, Aboriginal people appear in Canada’s history by spreading out into the in abi n table areas ot north-western America, everything for huge reason: FOOD! They had to acquire certain skills such as hunting, fishing, etc. n order to survive. But animals; were their ain reason of settlement so then they stay and spread across the land. To conclude I would like to point that as the climate and land conditions changed the land start to became rich and productive; natives were able to stay and that is one of the most important reasons how those first peoples are crucial for Canada’s history; they represent thousand years of culture and wherever people nowadays agree or not they are Canada’s first peoples. When two worlds meet, amazing things happen. According to my course material (2013) 1500-1791 was the time when Aboriginal people and Europeans were in contact. When Europeans first came to Canada, they ere amazed on this area because of the vast of natural resources; for example, wood/lumber that they could use in Europe so it can help with the development of their country. Firstly, Henry the VII financed an exploration to North America headed for the Italian explorer John Cabot in 1497. But it wasn’t until 1610 when the English settlement begun. As tension set between France and England in Europe, competition leaded in the Americas. Subsequently, Henry IV of France assigned Samuel de Champlain to explore the new lands in the Americas; Champlain is an important figure in Canada’s history because he opened up the St Lawrence River nd stretched French influence through the great lakes basin. As well, Champlain was involved with a group who were interested in the fur trade; the French and Aboriginal people collaborated in the vast fur trade economy. The fur trade was a trade between the French and first nation people for the exchange on items such as tool (beaver) and weapons. The short hairs of the beaver were used for making fashion hats and those were sended to Europe. In conclusion, the Fur trade had formed an important part of the early economies of both the English and French colonies and is very significant for Canada’s early history because it’s Canada’s first conomy developed because of the beaver; which is a natural resource, this one and the wood/lumber are the two greatest examples why Europeans were so interested in this land so they are part of Canada’s early history and we see the connection based on their decision after all happened deciding to settle here and so they end colonizing this country. On the early years of Jacques Cartier’s France had been building up a colony along the ST Lawrence River. Conflict between France and England had been building up since then; European confrontations spilt over into the new world and in 1629 Kirke of England ended the French colony of Port Royal. This set the stage for opposition between the English and The French not only in the America’s but also across the world. As I point in the beginning, Canada’s is the 2nd largest country in the world. So now knowing that Canada is such a big country people is required for its development so after all the British conquered the former French colonies, absorbing them into their North American territories. Nevertheless, the French settled primarily in what is today known as Quebec and Nova Scotia. Britain allowed the French to stay because they needed them to settle this country; s well, Britain supported Canada with immigrants and money. Finally, once Canada had become a country, the goal was to unify, define, and built a state. This does not mean that the French Canadian renounce their mindset as Canadian or that they torgot their traditions and heritage. French was made the 2nd official language ot government in order to maintain French political support. I would like to emphasize that having all those facts and Canada being such a big country is essentially linked to its history bringing immigrants and the Europeans settling in this country. A omparison of Canada’s history and geography; Mexico is diverse and it has 3 thousand years of history. According to world history project (2007) The Republic of Mexico is huge, comprising nearly two million square miles of coastline, desert, rain forest, mountains, and fertile plains. As Canada, Mexico is named as the 4th largest country in the western hemisphere and is rich in natural resources such as oil and natural gas. From the American borderlands of the extensive, agriculturally rich north, the country narrows gently as it sweeps south and east. As well as Canada, is bordered by the United States. In Canada’s history we understand in some point the need of people while in Mexico there is a City (Mexico City) that is considered one of the most populous cities in the world. The population in Mexico is around 120. 8 million peoples. Although Mexico and Canada are very different countries, they have somehow things in common such as history of colonization. Canada was colonized by the British in the other hand, Mexico was colonized by Spain. Both, British and Spain were amazed by Canada’s and Mexico’s landscape, their beauty and its natural resources. Finally, Canada and Mexico are two greatest countries and somehow their istory and wealth on natural resources motivated other countries such as Britain and Spain to gain interest on them and that’s how their history is similar. In conclusion, Canada is a land of diversity, creativity and liberal attitudes. The Canadian people are a mosaic of ethnicities; it means that as well it’s formed by other nationalities which together they form a great home. We understand the connection by first, historical settlement of aboriginal people in Canada by following wildlife. Secondly, Europeans came and settle because of Canada’s vast of natural resources nvolving the fur trade as a firs economy developed and finally, settlement of French people over Quebec province because of Canada’s size and need of people. To conclude I would like to quote something that Lorraine Monk an editor of â€Å"Canada the Things We Hold Dear†: An Album of Photographic Memories (1999) said: â€Å"The search for Canada is a personal Journey. The search for a national identity is a Journey without an end. It began a long, long time ago. It will continue into the far distant future. How to cite Geography and history of canada, Papers

Brand Personalities Packaging and Marketing

Question: Discuss about theBrand Personalities for Packaging and Marketing. Answer: Introduction Brand personality is a way of differentiating a brand by assigning human personality traits to it.The character represents brand behaviour through the persons representing the brand, through packaging, marketing, advertising and so forth.Alternatively, brand personality is only described as the personification of a particular brand giving it a distinct meaning enabling it to stand out from the others.Furthermore, brand personality develops as a result of the consumer's experience with it.It is durable and unique.Brand personality manipulates emotions of the customers it generates its emotional aspect and association in the minds of its consumer bringing some connection where it influences their opinion of that particular brand.Additionally, it brings out the brand attitude that which controls the perception of the users towards it which helps a lot in measuring their knowledge and how they feel about that particular brand.Also, brand personality includes not only characteristics but also the demographic features ranging from age, gender, or class, and psychological features.In this case, we are going to major in the brand personality of athletic shoes specifically the Adidas, Nike and Reebok as mentioned from the five correspondences from an interview conducted (Inc et al., 2016). Interview Results I managed to interview five consumers on their perception of the specific sports shoe brands and what considerations they make before making the decision in purchasing a particular brand.In this case, we tabled the three types of brands including Nike, Addidas and Reebok basing on their association with those specific brands and how they feel about them.However, some did not consider the name and showed generality in making a random decision in purchasing any shoe brand regardless of its personality. Adidas Consumers Adidas is clearly associated with soccer which is a well-embraced game worldwide.It is clear that Adidas has a stronger connection to football than to any other sports and with this you will find most of the consumers especially the football lovers would prefer Adidas since it associates with them in terms of soccer they would want to show loyalty to the Adidas as their way to express how they feel about football. The Adidas strategic design where it is involved with European(German) heritage which has an amicable association with football resulting in the brand to the positive aspect of quality and European history which is certainly very convincing to the consumers. The show design comprising no.7 with the word stripes is a suggestive physical feature that Adidas has the capability to strengthen the role their lines play in brand communication to increase their optical property a personality that brings about outstanding quality in the minds of the consumers. The most interesting a ssociation with the Adidas brand flows from the fountain of cold where it associates with rappers, for example, Run DMC who wore Adidas shoe and their track Adidas making it attractive for those who love the celebrity and would surely love to be associated with them by sharing a common brand of shoes. In this context, Adidas gains the superior personality borrowed from the celebrities involved with it (Films on Demand Films Media Group, 2007). Additionally, Adidas has worked so actively with the exploration of the upgrading technology to create fresh brand experiences which paint it as trendy and cool in the minds of the consumers making it a favourite brand among the consumers and they quickly purchase it. Furthermore, the brand personality of Adidas shoe is determined by fit, fashion, connect, function and it varies among different users however Adidas continues to develop its brands to suit the consumers preference for other brands making it a well convincing brand quality in th e minds of the consumers (Barron Basson, 2010). Nike Consumers Nike brand has two strongest brand association which include swoosh and just do it' which portray a unique property distinguishing it from the other brands.The design of this particular shoe like is communicative following the use of just do it' slogan which is persuasive e and mobilising a very convincing character on its part. This is the right brand for the go-getters and those who possess the daring nature seem to feel associated with the Nike brand. This brand design portrays a determinant character hence winning the trust of its consumers, and they can make the decision in purchasing this brand.The tick symbol conceived in the shoe bring a general meaning of the word right which boosts the attitude of the consumers enhancing a real perception towards the brand manipulating their decision in purchasing Nike sports shoes.Nike has a clear association with Michael Jordan increasing its athlete standards making it sensible as a sports shoe in the minds of the consumers.It ploughs wi th the highest profile athletes on the planet making it a brand to want to be associated with for the sports lovers since it portrays a winners trait.Additionally, the Nike brand is seen as a worldwide global brand without a clear connection to any particular country hence no limitations according to race and originality bringing a sense of identity to the consumers and they feel a simple connection with this brand.Nike has strived to develop its brand and makes it trendy which is a good character for the fashion lover (Inc et al., 2016). Reebok Consumers Reebok brand portrays a more sympathetic and empathetic trait towards individuals. It is a brand that is associated with the unique point of view towards different individuals celebrating the distinct quality that makes people who they are.It possesses a much friendlier and encouraging character which is a certain trait that can lead to acceptance and loyalty.This brand points out individuals at a different pint of view where it celebrates their individuality ranging from style, accomplishments to their remarkable talents.It directs their path to greatness, and this will evidently shape up the consumer's mind to the happy thoughts if associated with the Reebok shoe brands (Rakocevic, 2013). Reebok associated with Fun where it states that Staying in Shape comes to life through fun, bold, provocative manner expressed through fresh, eye-catching imagery signed off with a unique 'Reward.' The tone and style allows the consumer to look at sport and lifestyle through their lens of 'Ree.'Th is is a very convincing trait for those who take sports as fun and would purchase the Reebok sport shoes maybe as a reminder of fun while in sports or even to communicate a message for those who understand the meaning of fun according to the Reebok context. . For two decades, Human Rights, through the Reebok Human Rights program, was the primary focus of this effort. Reebok has expanded on what had been built and created a Global Corporate Citizenship platform with a purpose for the brand that will help underprivileged, underserved youth around the world fulfil their potential and live healthy, active lives this portrays a kind personality by the Reebok which is surely heart winning mobilising the consumers in showing some appreciation to the Reebok brand by purchasing it (Barron Basson, 2010). Brandless Consumers This is the consumers that dont consider the brand personality of the sports shoes they intend to purchase. According to their views, most of them are lured mostly on what the eyes can see not basing on the emotional part of the brand.They tend to purchase any brand as long as it looks good to their eyes. Alternatively, they buy the shoe based on its cost and its affordability regardless of its brand personality.Others make the arbitrary decisions for the purpose of the shoe, and they argue that all those brands are sports shoes and they purchase it on a general basis.Furthermore, most consumers have very few information concerning the different brand's personality of the sports shoes due to either poor marketing or poor research. Hence they lack the grounds to choose from leading them to making an arbitrary decision in purchasing the sports shoes (Rakocevic, 2013). Target Markets Adidas and Reebok Adidas primarily focuses sportspersons especially athletes as well as non-athletes who are inspired by games. The company provides footwear of all categories suitable for all sports and other interested parties. The company's strongest markets are in the age brackets of 20-29 years old of age. Competitively, the company aims to expand its market to athletes in the 14-19 years age group (Frisch, 2004). Adidas believes this target group is the most influent consumer group around the globe. Adidas uses segments based on demographics, psychographic and behavioural factors as a marketing strategy. The Company has four brands which are Reebok, Adidas, Rockport, and Taylor meant for different customer segments. The majority of Adidas customers hail from upper class or wealthy clients who are passionate about fitness or sports. The company use the distinctive brand image of their prospective consumers by emphasising on the value quality (Barron Basson, 2010). Nike Nike's target audience is athletes. To enhance its viability within the shoe industry, the company bases on diversification of its brands to reach distinct audiences. Strategically, Nike sells other sports related products such as sports equipment and clothes. Majorly, the company targets premium customers. The Jordan Brand focuses more broadly athletes. The Hurley International LLC brand also aims athletes but focuses more on young people, such as skateboarding and surfing. The Nike Golf brand is focused on golfers (Barron Basson, 2010). Sample Advertisement for Nike Advertisement Channel Taking into consideration the target audience, I would prefer using a sports magazine with highly profiled athletics, for example, Runners World Magazine. However, a young person would be employed as a celebrity to run the message home. Ideally, this will attract the audience since it shall speculate all aspects of youthful appearance simultaneously, this would generate a positive outcome as far as marketing is concerned attracting a huge customer base (Rakocevic, 2013). Conclusion Concisely the choice of brand by most consumers is determined by the personification of those brands and what meaning they stand for and most importantly the feelings they trigger among the consumers.The Nike brand seems to portray a much daring character with its slogan just do it' which is mobilising and very influencing manipulating the consumer's decision to purchase it.The Reebok brand has proved to be human-friendly a more appealing way to the consumer's emotions and feelings creating a connection making them purchase the Reebok brand.Furthermore, the Adidas brand is associated with soccer which is a well-accepted game worldwide making the name be popular and embraced by the consumers.However, there are other users who don't consider the brand personality hence they purchase the sports shoes under global basis.Regardless all these customers are important, and the choices they make should be respected. Adidas, Nike, and Reebok shoe companies are well-known companies that trend globally as far as sports are concerned. They are major producers of both male and female footwear. The companies embrace market segmentation strategies and product differentiation to diversify their market share taking in mind all categories of clients. The major elements that are closely watched by these companies are purpose or occasion, the age brackets, lifestyle, psychographics, and behavioural factors. These items describe the company's marketing and manufacturing strategies to fit the consumers' tastes and preferences. References Barron,C., Basson,K. (2010). Shoe wearer's handbook. Falls Church, Va.?: Oddshoefinder.com. Films on Demand, Films Media Group. (2007). Sports Shoe Wars: Battle of the Giants in China. Lawrenceville, NJ: Films Media Group. Frisch,A. (2004). The story of Nike. North Mankato, MN: Smart Apple Media. Inc, McKinsey Company, Baumgartner,T., Hatami,H., ValdiviesoU., Benioff,M. (2016). Sales Growth: 5 Proven Strategies from the World's Sales Leaders. Wiley. Rakocevic,I. (2013). Brand personality. Place of publication not identified: Grin Verlag.

The government of Henry VII Essay Example

The government of Henry VII Paper This essay will be based around the Government of Henry VII and will view aspects of it. It will examine whether it was efficient, just, and whether or not it was popular with people, circulating around the idea of whether it was a success or not. Henry came to power on 22nd August 1485, after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth. However this did not signify the end of the Wars of the Roses. Henry, originally born in Wales, Henry then fled to France, but came back to stake a claim in the throne.With the ideas that a financially secure King was also seen to be a strong one, money was an integral part of Henrys survival. Henry having come from Brittany had no idea of finances and the world of Kingship in England. He was also more preoccupied with securing his position upon the throne. Thus the finances suffered a due blow, the finances would have broken down altogether if the exchequer had not served its purpose as guardian of the royal finances. With this the crowns income per year fell from i? 25 000 at the end of Richard IIIs reign to i? 11 700 in Henrys first year as ruler.But Henry quickly saw that financial security was important. We will write a custom essay sample on The government of Henry VII specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The government of Henry VII specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The government of Henry VII specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Along with his mistrust with most people and through what he saw was a Yorkist loss through their entitlement of deeds and titles, making a sufficient loss in revenue. Henry avoided handing out land, financial rewards and membership of the Order of the Garter. On the one hand this had a positive effect, with the infrequent handing out of rewards this signified that you had to participate in a very good deed in order to get rewarded, so gained more value, it also gave the king extra revenue that he could use personally.He retained all of the crownlands and kept the money for himself. On the other hand the nobles became quite disgruntled with the fact that they did receive royal favours as much as they had been receiving them. Henry also made many clerics owners of Lands, taking the titles away from nobles when they had died. Therefore retaining even more revenue. When a member of nobility died, and had a young heir to his title, Henry took away the land and looked after it until the youngster was coming of age.Henry used the land to earn a profit, but when the heir had become say 19 then there would be a needed fee to pay the king in order for the l ands to be restored to that person. This was used as an act of allegiance to the King. Henry wouldnt necessarily give the land back straight away he would make sure of their loyalty by retaining their land and then once he was secure about their position would demand the fee from them. Henry VII pursued a cautious foreign policy. He only actually encountered a battle with one foreign country. This was France.However it was not to invade and take land from France it was used as a pressure point in order to restore the French pension that Britain once got, in order for not attacking or invading France. Henry however did receive funds for a war against Scotland from Parliament but he never actually encountered a battle with them. Instead of handing the money back he kept it for his chambers.Henrys government were very shrewd in cutting costs and manufacturing greater income. The council Learned of the Law had two main compatriots within its ranks Empsom and Dudley, these people were ve ry effective within the chambers, perhaps a bit too successful, they taxed the nobles for quite substantial amounts which led to the gain in money the chambers had, and it has even been said that they accounted more revenue than they actually took, working in the Kings name and aiming to please him. This led to a later outcry by the nobles under the rule of Henry VIII where they were accused of treason, and because Henry VIII wanted to stay ruler he duly obliged. Henry VII moved his rule, via Government back one day to the day before the battle of Bosworth.This was so that he could accuse all of the men that fought against him with treason and would therefore be allowed to pass an Act of Attainder against him. Henry used 140 Acts of Attainder in total during his reign. Henry also reversed the Acts of Attainder granted against himself and his uncle Jasper Tudor, granted unto them by Richard III. Henry took the action of restoring Chamber finance, revived by earlier Yorkist kings. Thi s proved to be very effective in terms of use of time and the revenue being brought in.The Chamber brought in the profits of Justice, dealt with the money received via the Crownlands, feudal dues and also received i? 10 000 from the French pension this surmounted to somewhere in the region of i? 100 000 in revenue by the 1490s Henrys financial income was based on two sorts of income. Ordinary revenue and Extraordinary revenue. Ordinary revenue consisted of money received via the Crownlands for example Acts of Attainder, escheats and relief. Customs duties and feudal dues also were gather via the chambers. Bonds and recognisances, Bonds helped keep the nobility in check.Basically Henry would receive money if any of them stepped out of line, for example the nobility were fined for holding too many guards in the house, this was called retaining. Recognisances accepted the fact that they had done wrong and set the fee for which they had to pay, this was usually smaller than the initial amount agreed with the King. Extraordinary revenue consisted of money which was received or given to the King only in special circumstances these included Parliamentary grants, for things such as wars, they also consisted of loans and benevolences and clerical taxes.During Henrys reign only seven Parliaments were called in most of these cases it was in order to submit a request for a parliamentary grant or to pass an Act of Attainder. In Henrys reign each call of Parliament only lasted for about a couple of weeks. Parliament was much the same as it is now, it was divided into two sections, the lords and the commons, however the commons had virtually no power and were onlookers in certain cases. The Parliament altogether was really used as an instrument to raise taxes for the King. Lords were made up of two sections the Lords Spiritual and Temporal.The Lords Spiritual being the clerics and the Temporal being the peers. Henry sustained local gentry as magistrates, handing out Justice within their localities. These people were part of what was known as the Justice of the Peace. The magistrates were appointed yearly and were only allowed to pass judgement on non-capital cases. In 1485 the council learned of the law were granted the means to arrest pretenders and poachers. A couple of years later they were granted the power to grant bail to those who were awaiting their trial. This also helped fill the coffers in the royal palace.They were also allowed to deal with corrupt and unjust juries. However this shows that the King did lose his grip over control of Law and Order and rarely dispensed the Justice himself, apart from Capital charges such as treason. The only threat that was available to royals was to dispense with them from their office, which would not be such a great loss compared to imprisonment. Unlike previous Kings Henry approved of effort rather than noble blood. And rewarded those who served him well. His office contained many who did not come from th e old nobility and proved to be very valuable to him, his office and financial stability.Henry had subdivided councils which advised him on matters of state, to help him administer law and order and for general information about the ambassadors. Henry reinstated what he thought as useful additions suggested and used by the Yorkist predecessors. One such arrangement was the Court of Requests used by Richard III, for people that could not afford a representative min court and would be dealt justly. Another thing that was introduced by Richard III were area councils. The effectiveness of these councils was recognised by Henry and again restored to their full capacity, opening area for improvement in personal improvement.Wales was a great supporter of Henry and remained loyal to his cause, as in his earlier years Henry had grown up in Wales before having to flee to France. Therefore Wales was peacefully ruled over by Arthur, Prince of Wales and the Marches mostly made up of independent lords, local to that region. The Earl of Surrey, Son of the Earl of Norfolk, who fought alongside Richard III at the battle of Bosworth, headed the council of the North, this seemed a safe choice as the Earl of Surrey had no land, power or support up in the North and so could be trusted to rule justly.Henrys Policies were based around that he trusted no-one, he wanted to secure his aim in keeping the throne, he used Bonds and recognisances in order to keep people loyal to himself, even his own mother and also used Parliament, back dating his reign by one day in order to get rid of the power his main rivals had against him. He knew that as he had not enough experience of being in the position that he was in, he needed to take everything seriously and to handle issues properly. Otherwise his reign would be short-lived and he would once again have to flee.But by no means at all was he anti-nobility, he just wanted to make sure that no-one had too much power, that people would appreciat e what he gave them and that most importantly he consolidated his power so that his family would be on the throne for many years to come, of which they were. With trusting main men in order to govern over the country had its perks. After the death of his councillors, Henry did not establish a new one to take them over, instead he relieved them of their lands and duties and started to concentrate the councils around himself. Combining these councils actually improved efficiency.Although Henry took control by the reigns and established his authority over England and Wales one area was never really within his grasp, Ireland. Although he only gained a small part of Ireland, he never could realistically gain control of the whole of Ireland. The area that he ruled was known as The Pale this was a strip of land that was 50 miles west of Dublin. Officially in Ireland Henry was known as the Lord of Ireland, but could not govern it himself, so administered a lord lieutenant in order to take c are of the business, however the Lord of Kildare really held the power, he was the lieutenants Deputy.Lord Kildare Supported Perkin Warbeck, who was a pretender, impersonating one of Edwards sons in the Tower of London. The money granted by the Parliament for the war against Scotland as used in order to tame these threats of impersonation and the rebellion down in Cornwall. Henry tried to practise English law within Ireland but proved to of more expense than gain, the long distance proving too far to breach. Therefore Kildare was reinstated and the main power again lay with the Anglo-Irish Chieftains in Ireland.For the period that the government was in Henrys government proved to be very efficient increasing by far the amount of incoming revenue, this is proved as Henry died solvent. It is also proved to be in some circumstances too effective as Dudley and Empsom found out, with their lives, in honouring the King and make his finances seem more with fraud, his successor Henry VIII t hen executed them from an outcry from the Nobles. Henry did not make the mistake of granting too much power to any one noble, distributed power evenly and cautiously with great effectiveness, thus securing his power.His government and administration can also be seen as a success as he was able to hand his crown down to his son and heir Henry VIII. This had not been done for quite some time and shows that Henry VII had finally placed some kind of stableness in the country of England. Henrys basic aims were to secure power, in which he did and achieve financial stability, which he also achieved. However I do no think that he intended of creating the start of a New monarchy in the respects of changing things for the future. He just changed things to benefit himself and his government.

Free Essays on Rape

Webster’s Dictionary describes rape as the crime of forcing another person to submit to sex acts, especially sexual intercourse. Rape is a crime in which most women cannot defend themselves. The fear of rape plagues every woman at some point or another in her life. The traumatic effects of rape vary from mild to severe, from psychological to physical. Date rape is not an unusual occurrence that only happens in isolated situations. In fact, some surveys suggest that in 84% of rape cases, the victim knew her attacker, and in 57% of rapes occurred while on dates (Warshaw 11). However, what is even more surprising than these high figures is that most occurrences of date rape go unreported. Several theories exist that try to explain this phenomenon. For example, many women may refuse to believe that their â€Å"friend† raped them. In fact, they could ultimately convince themselves that that horrid night never actually occurred. Moreover, there is embarrassment following the attack in which memory and emotions become mixed up. When alcohol or drugs are involved, the women may have no memory of the attack whatsoever. Even if the victim does remember the attack, they could be left with a sense that they let themselves be taken advantage of. In cases such as this, the victim may blame them self instead of the attacker. Rape is an offense that uses sex and violence that makes sex the weapon in an act of violence. The humiliation involved in either being battered by or hurting someone we care for makes it hard to tell anyone, even those closest to us. People in abusive relationships often work hard at making it seem as if nothing is wrong. They try to convince themselves and others that â€Å"it’s not really that bad,† or that â€Å"it doesn’t happen all the time.† (Hicks 18) Additionally, societal perceptions dictate that a woman should know how to set limits, and that they are responsible for their own actions. Many wom... Free Essays on Rape Free Essays on Rape What is rape? Rape is defined as according to Dictionary.com as the crime of forcing another person to submit sex acts, especially sexual intercourse. In all of the selected readings, one specific rape case was discussed as well as the significant changes that occurred with marriage. Harry Bedlow was a man from New York City who was brought up on rape charges by a woman named Lannah Sawyer in October of 1793. Bedlow met Sawyer on her father’s stoop one summer night and invited her for walk and in those days if you hung with an older man it usually meant you were to have sexual relations with him. As they continued to walk around New York they came across an alley where Bedlow brought Sawyer down to. He invited her into the home of a Mrs. Cary where he allegedly raped her in one of Mrs. Cary’s bedrooms. However, the defense argued against that allegation and said that Sawyer was seduced by Bedlow and that the sex they had was consensual. As a result of the defense’s argument, the jury’s verdict was not guilty in favor of Mr. Bedlow. Marriage had always been very traditional where a man and a woman were set up by each other’s parents and they were to wed when the time was right. However, there was a change in the 1730s when â€Å"selection of your mate was based on personal taste and emotions rather than practical and familiar concerns,† (D’Emilo and Freedman, pg 43). D’Emilo and Freedman then say â€Å"Sons and Daughters not only chose mates with less attention to property and family considerations, but some young people even disregarded parental opinion all together,† (pg 43). Many of these couples also had premarital pregnancy so they would have no other choice but to marry each other without the disapproval of their parents. Even today this still occurs where men and women are choosing who they want to spend the rest of their life with. However, the premarital pregnancy is not common today with couple be... Free Essays on Rape Webster’s Dictionary describes rape as the crime of forcing another person to submit to sex acts, especially sexual intercourse. Rape is a crime in which most women cannot defend themselves. The fear of rape plagues every woman at some point or another in her life. The traumatic effects of rape vary from mild to severe, from psychological to physical. Date rape is not an unusual occurrence that only happens in isolated situations. In fact, some surveys suggest that in 84% of rape cases, the victim knew her attacker, and in 57% of rapes occurred while on dates (Warshaw 11). However, what is even more surprising than these high figures is that most occurrences of date rape go unreported. Several theories exist that try to explain this phenomenon. For example, many women may refuse to believe that their â€Å"friend† raped them. In fact, they could ultimately convince themselves that that horrid night never actually occurred. Moreover, there is embarrassment following the attack in which memory and emotions become mixed up. When alcohol or drugs are involved, the women may have no memory of the attack whatsoever. Even if the victim does remember the attack, they could be left with a sense that they let themselves be taken advantage of. In cases such as this, the victim may blame them self instead of the attacker. Rape is an offense that uses sex and violence that makes sex the weapon in an act of violence. The humiliation involved in either being battered by or hurting someone we care for makes it hard to tell anyone, even those closest to us. People in abusive relationships often work hard at making it seem as if nothing is wrong. They try to convince themselves and others that â€Å"it’s not really that bad,† or that â€Å"it doesn’t happen all the time.† (Hicks 18) Additionally, societal perceptions dictate that a woman should know how to set limits, and that they are responsible for their own actions. Many wom...

Biography of Gabriel Garcia Moreno - Gabriel Garcia Moreno Profile

Biography of Gabriel Garcia Moreno - Gabriel Garcia Moreno Profile Gabriel Garcia Moreno, President of Ecuador 1860-1865, 1869-1875: Gabriel Garcà ­a Moreno (1821-1875) was an Ecuadorian lawyer and politician who served as President of Ecuador from 1860 to 1865 and again from 1869 to 1875. In between, he ruled through puppet administrations. He was a staunch conservative and Catholic who believed that Ecuador would only prosper when it had strong and direct ties to the Vatican. He was assassinated in Quito during his second term. Early Life of Gabriel Garcia Moreno: Garcà ­a was born in Guayaquil but moved to Quito at a young age, studying law and theology at Quito’s Central University. By the 1840’s he was making a name for himself as an intelligent, eloquent conservative who railed against the liberalism that was sweeping South America. He almost entered the priesthood, but was talked out of it by his friends. He took a trip to Europe in the late 1840’s, which served to further convince him that Ecuador needed to resist all liberal ideas in order to prosper. He returned to Ecuador in 1850 and attacked the ruling liberals with more invective than ever. Early Political Career: By then, he was a well known speaker and writer for the conservative cause. He was exiled to Europe, but returned and was elected Mayor of Quito and appointed Rector of the Central University. He also served in the senate, where he became the leading conservative in the nation. In 1860, with the help of Independence veteran Juan Josà © Flores, Garcà ­a Moreno seized the presidency. This was ironic, as he had been a supporter of Flores’ political enemy Vicente Rocafuerte. Garcà ­a Moreno quickly pushed through a new constitution in 1861 which legitimized his rule and allowed him to start working on his pro-Catholic agenda. Garcà ­a Moreno’s Unflagging Catholicism: Garcà ­a Moreno believed that only by establishing very close ties to the church and the Vatican would Ecuador progress. Since the collapse of the Spanish colonial system, liberal politicians in Ecuador and elsewhere in South America had severely curtailed church power, taking away land and buildings, making the state responsible for education and in some cases evicting priests. Garcà ­a Moreno set out to reverse all of it: he invited Jesuits to Ecuador, put the church in charge of all education and restored ecclesiastical courts. Naturally, the 1861 constitution declared Roman Catholicism the official state religion. A Step Too Far: Had Garcà ­a Moreno stopped with a few reforms, his legacy may have been different. His religious fervor knew no bounds, however, and he did not stop there. His goal was a near-theocratic state ruled indirectly by the Vatican. He declared that only Roman Catholics were full citizens: everyone else had their rights stripped away. In 1873, he had the congress dedicate the Republic of Ecuador to â€Å"The Sacred Heart of Jesus.† He convinced Congress to send state money to the Vatican. He felt that there was a direct link between civilization and Catholicism and intended to enforce that link in his home nation. Gabriel Garcia Moreno, Dictator of Ecuador: Garcà ­a Moreno was certainly a dictator, although one whose type had been unknown in Latin America before. He severely limited free speech and the press and wrote his constitutions to suit his agenda (and he ignored their restrictions when he wished). Congress was there only to approve his edicts. His staunchest critics left the country. Still, he was atypical in that he felt that he was acting for the best of his people and taking his cues from a higher power. His personal life was austere and he was a great foe of corruption. Accomplishments of President Morenos Administration: Garcà ­a Moreno’s many accomplishments are often overshadowed by his religious fervor. He stabilized the economy by establishing an efficient treasury, introducing a new currency and improving Ecuador’s international credit. Foreign investment was encouraged. He provided good, low cost education by bringing in Jesuits. He modernized agriculture and built roads, including a decent wagon track from Quito to Guayaquil. He also added universities and increased student enrollment in higher education. Foreign Affairs: Garcà ­a Moreno was famous for meddling in the affairs of neighboring nations, with the goal of bringing them back to the church just as he had done with Ecuador. He twice went to war with neighboring Colombia, where President Toms Cipriano de Mosquera had been curtailing church privileges. Both interventions ended in failure. He was outspoken in his support of Austrian transplant Emperor Maximilian of Mexico. Death and Legacy of Gabriel Garcà ­a Moreno: In spite of his accomplishments, the liberals (most of them in exile) loathed Garcà ­a Moreno with a passion. From safety in Colombia, his harshest critic, Juan Montalvo, wrote his famous tract â€Å"The Perpetual Dictatorship† attacking Garcà ­a Moreno. When Garcà ­a Moreno declared that he would not relinquish his office after his term expired in 1875, he began to get serious death threats. Among his enemies were the Freemasons, dedicated to ending any connection between church and state. On August 6, 1875, he was killed by a small group of assassins wielding knives, machetes and revolvers. He died near the Presidential Palace in Quito: a marker can still be seen there. Upon learning the news, Pope Pius IX ordered a mass said in his memory. Garcà ­a Moreno did not have an heir who could match his intelligence, skill and fervent conservative beliefs, and the government of Ecuador fell apart for a while as a series of short-lived dictators took charge. The people of Ecuador didn’t really want to live in a religious theocracy and in the chaotic years that followed Garcà ­a Morenos death all of his favors to the church were taken away once again. When liberal firebrand Eloy Alfaro took office in 1895, he made sure to remove any and all vestiges of Garcà ­a Moreno’s administration. Modern Ecuadorians consider Garcà ­a Moreno a fascinating and important historical figure. The religious man who accepted assassination as martyrdom today continues to be a popular topic for biographers and novelists: the latest literary work on his life is Sà © que vienen a matarme (â€Å"I know they are coming to kill me†) a work that is half-biography and half-fiction written by acclaimed Ecuadorian writer Alicia Yaà ±ez Cossio. Source: Herring, Hubert. A History of Latin America From the Beginnings to the Present. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962.